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Abstract

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly malignant brain tumor. The immunosuppressive microenvironment and resistance to chemotherapy-induced apoptosis pose significant challenges for treatment. In this study, we found that atorvastatin calcium (AC) can effectively induce methuosis in GBM cells, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic candidate for GBM treatment. To address the challenge of crossing the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and enhance drug delivery efficiency, we synthesized AC nanoparticles stabilized through dopamine polymerization, achieving high drug-loading efficiency. Moreover, the nanoparticles were coated with PD-1-engineered BV2 cell membranes and further modified with Angiopep-2 peptides to facilitate BBB crossing and effective accumulation at the tumor site. In vitro experiments confirmed the cytotoxicity and induction of methuosis in GBM cells by AP@CM-Ang, accompanied by the release of immune-stimulatory factors. In vivo experiments demonstrated that the nanodrug significantly enhanced tumor targeting, effectively inhibited tumor growth, and increased immune cell activation, validating its potential as a promising and safe strategy for GBM treatment.