Ghardaqenoids A–F: Six New Diterpenoids from the South China Sea Soft Coral Heteroxenia ghardaqensis with Lipid-Lowering Activity via the Activation of the AMPK Signaling Pathway
Yue Zhang, Xin Han, Juan Wu, Shan Liu, Hongwei Zhang, Lili Zhao, Guoqiang Li
Journal：Marine Drugs
IF：5.4
DOI：10.3390/md24010030
PMID：
Published：2026-01-08
research field：肿瘤学肾癌研究分子生物学癌症生物学代谢学细胞死亡
Abstract
Six new diterpenoids, including two verticillane ghardaqenoids A–B (1–2) and four dolabellane ghardaqenoids C–F (3–6), were isolated from the soft coralHeteroxenia ghardaqensiscollected in the South China Sea. The structures of ghardaqenoids A, D, and E (1,4,5) were determined by X-ray diffraction. Ghardaqenoids B, C, and F (2,3,6) were identified on the basis of NMR data, DP4+, and ECD spectral data. In particular, compound6exhibited strong in vitro lipid-lowering activity in free fatty acid (FFA)-induced HepG2 cells and liver organoids. Further mechanistic studies revealed that compound6regulated AMPK-related proteins and genes, thereby inhibiting the accumulation of triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (TC). These findings suggested that pharmacological AMPK activation serves as a promising role in lipid-lowering therapeutic strategies.
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